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Structural

Truss

In Plain English

A lightweight structural framework of triangles that spans large distances efficiently.

Definition

A structural framework composed of straight members arranged in triangular units to efficiently carry loads across long spans. Trusses achieve high strength-to-weight ratios because their members carry primarily axial tension or compression rather than bending. They are used for roof and floor framing, bridges, towers, and long-span structures.

Why It Matters in Bidding

Trusses are typically a long-lead, engineered, supplier-furnished item, so estimators must price them from shop quotes tied to the truss layout rather than from generic lumber rates. Bidding accurately requires confirming span, spacing, loading, and profile, plus coordinating delivery and crane time, because a late or mis-sized truss package can stall the entire dry-in schedule.

Example

A GC's estimator sends the roof framing plans to two truss suppliers for take-off-based quotes, then prices a crane and a set crew for the package, flagging the four-week fabrication lead time so the project schedule reflects it before the bid goes in.

Related Terms

BeamSpanPurlinDead Load

Frequently Asked Questions

Trusses are usually quoted by an engineered fabricator based on the layout, span, spacing, and design loads, not estimated by stick count. The estimator carries the supplier's package price plus delivery, crane or boom time, and installation labor, and verifies the quote matches the current drawings and any addenda before submission.
Engineered trusses require shop drawings, engineering, approval, and fabrication, so they are a long-lead item. Estimators should obtain the fabricator's current lead time during bidding and reflect it in the schedule, since trusses gate the roof or floor framing and any delay pushes dry-in and every following trade.
The truss manufacturer's engineer typically designs the individual trusses to meet the loads shown by the building's design professional. The bidder must confirm whose scope covers the layout, hangers, bracing, and field connections, because permanent bracing and connection hardware are common gaps between the truss supplier and the framing contractor.

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